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Yusuf al-'Azma
Yusuf al-'Azma ((アラビア語:يوسف العظمة); ALA-LC: ''Yūsuf al-‘Aẓmah''; 1883–24 July 1920) was the Syrian Minister of War in the governments of prime ministers Rida al-Rikabi and Hashim al-Atassi and Chief of General Staff under King Faisal. He served as Minister of War from January 1920 until his death while commanding Syrian forces against the French invasion during the Battle of Maysalun.
==Early life and career==
Al-'Azma was born to a prominent mercantile and landowning Damascus-based family of Turkmen descent in 1883.〔Roded, in Kushner, 1986, p. (159 )〕 Al-'Azma graduated from the Istanbul-based Ottoman Military Academy in 1906 and then underwent additional military training in Germany until returning to Istanbul in 1909.〔Moubayed, 2006, p. (44 )〕 There he enlisted in the Ottoman Army and promptly was assigned as a military attache to Cairo, Egypt.〔 In 1914, al-'Azma served as Commander of the 25th Brigade on the front lines in Bulgaria during World War I.〔 Later during the war, he was reassigned as a deputy of General Enver Pasha (Anwar Pasha) in Istanbul.〔
Following the war's end, al-'Azma returned to his hometown of Damascus, which had been captured by Allied Forces and the Sharifian Army under Emir Faisal during the British-backed Arab Revolt against the Ottomans.〔 Al-'Azma had joined al-Fatat, an Arab nationalist secret society founded in 1911,〔Tauber, 2013, p. (30 ) and p. (211 )〕 although it is not apparent when. He became a personal chamberlain of Emir Faisal and in January 1919, al-'Azma was appointed military attache to Beirut.〔
Al-'Azma was married to a Turkish woman, with whom he had a daughter named Laila. Laila, who was a young child when al-'Azma died, married a Cevad Asar, an Istanbul-based Turkish merchant with whom she had a son named Celal.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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